Play is what children are born to do. Give them a rattle and they shake it, offer them a ball and they throw it, give them a large box and, well, who knows?

The possibilities are endless. Play is, quite simply, nature's way of teaching children, and helping them grow and develop. So why is it such a mystery to so many adults?

A survey of 500 parents of under-fives, by Fisher-Price, has revealed more than a third have no idea how to entertain their babies, and, according to psychologist Dr Dorothy Einon, a change in family life is largely responsible.

"In the past, most people lived in big extended families and many girls spent a lot of their childhood looking after siblings.

"By the time they reached parenthood, they'd had plenty of practice at play," she explains.

"Many people today haven't watched children growing up, and come to parenthood with no experience of play. They are daunted by the fact that they know it's important, but don't know how to do it." But it doesn't have to be that way. Dr Einon has these tips.

Learning

  • Children learn through repetition. That's why they will drop a ball into a box time and again, or demand the same story night after night. So be patient and take things at your child's pace.
  • Don't overwhelm your child with lots of toys at once. Concentrate on one at a time, so they see what each has to offer.
  • Be guided by what your child enjoys. Watch them play, then stretch them a little further.

Co-ordination

  • Equipment doesn't have to be expensive. Let them jump off the sofa onto cushions, or use their bunk beds as an indoor climbing frame. Many simple things can help with co-ordination.
  • Don't forget the everyday things too. Helping make sandwiches, setting the table or polishing a cupboard all help improve co-ordination.

Remember, a chore to you is often play to your child.

Creativity and imagination

  • Children need stories to fuel their imagination, so read with them.
  • Encourage painting and drawing, and enjoy music together. Don't spend a fortune on elaborate tools.
  • Tiny children will paint with one colour and a sheet of newspaper. If you find paints too messy, stick with crayons.
  • Always appreciate the fruits of their labour, and stick pictures on the wall.

Problem solving

  • Puzzles and toys are great, but don't forget those everyday tasks. Sorting the washing, helping with shopping and other jobs are problem solving'.
  • Bath time is good too. Pouring water, seeing what sinks and floats you can do all sorts.

"Play is about gaining confidence as a parent," says Dr Einon.

"If you are loving and attentive, your child will dictate to you what they need. So watch and encourage them.

"And remember, if your child is inquisitive, happy and active well, you're doing something right."